A Rare Think

Centrifugal chillers are used for cooling large buildings in a centralized air conditioning system. There are other types of chillers using screw compressors and reciprocating compressors. These are usually smaller in size. Today’s topic is about centrifugal chillers – the ultimate choice for any air conditioning installations higher than 500 RT (refrigeration tons)

Basically, centrifugal chillers use centrifugal fans to move the refrigerant within the chiller circuit. As with any refrigeration circuit, there must be a compressor, a condenser, an expansion device, and the evaporator.

In the case of the centrifugal chiller, the fan is the compressor. Rotating at very high speeds, it is capable of pressurizing the refrigerant gas so as to increase its temperature. Because the pressure is so dependent on the efficiency of the impeller of the compressor, the impeller is very carefully designed to match the system.

The clearances between the impeller and the housing at the mouth ring (impeller suction) are made very small so as to reduce leaks back to the discharge.

Usually inlet vanes that throttle the gas control the flow of the gas, and thus the chiller load. The expansion of the liquid to gas is usually made through a fixed orifice.

The lubrication of the shaft bearings must be done within the chiller itself. Oil passages and shaft driven pumps (with motor driven pumps at startup) is made for lubrication.

The oil will find their way to the condenser and has to be extracted back to the lubrication system. Usually there will be an eductor system to suck back the oil to the oil sump.

Centrifugal chillers are usually designed for low-pressure refrigerant like R-123a.

These chillers sometimes surge when running, and they are very sensitive to sudden changes in loads. Therefore modern centrifugal chillers make use of electronic microprocessors to control the various parameters and timing in order to run smoothly.

Indeed, when everything is perfect, the centrifugal chiller is capable of extremely smooth operation.

Folks, be cool!

“Gain CONFIDENCE and ACHIEVE your life’s DREAMS!” Brian Tracy guides you through 21 Powerful Success Tips. FREE CDs. Success Tips

Home consoles are an important part of everyone’s life, no matter the age factor. Children enjoy them, teenagers and adults are fond of them too, so choosing which console to buy is an important decision to make.

The first thing you should know is that there are 3 systems of home consoles on the market: the Play Station 2 from Sony, the Nintendo GameCube and Microsoft’s Xbox. Each one of these systems has its own ups and downs, therefore you should think thoroughly before deciding on a certain home console.

Whenever choosing a home console, you should take into consideration four basic aspects: games, price, hardware, online and networking.

The games aspect is very important because it can lead you to a different home console based on different age criteria. For instance, if you are looking for children’s games, you should keep in mind that Nintendo’s GameCube is being traditionally considered to be the kid friendly console. The other home consoles (PS2 and Xbox) are also offering a large range of kid games. Consequently, always take into consideration the games aspect to avoid getting lost in the huge amount of games that are being offered on the market.

The price criterion is maybe the most important of all. You must decide in advance on the amount of money you are willing to spend on a PS2, a GameCube or a Xbox, and choose one of these home consoles according to their price tags.

If money is not a problem to you, then you must pay attention to the hardware aspect. Always check out the graphics, the storage space, the sound quality or the controls features. Find the home console that suits best your preferences.

The online and networking aspect can be important if you are the kind of customer that cares about these features. Check out if the Xbox, the PS2 or the GameCube are capable of online playing.

In conclusion whether you decide to go for a GameCube, a PS2 or an Xbox, always make sure you get the one that suits you best. The other sections of this article will discuss some of the home consoles features in a detailed manner.

Encompix (www.encompix.com) has filled the manufacturing software requirements of Engineer-to-Order companies since 1992. Gillis West, Jr. is vice president, General Retail Solutions, The Reynolds and Reynolds Company. West began his career with Reynolds in 1986 as a credit correspondent II. In 1993, he was named director of business planning and in 1997 served as director of APG marketing. His most recent position was vice president of Solutions Marketing. He holds a bachelor’s degree in accounting from Cedarville College, Cedarville, Ohio, and a master’s degree in business administration from Wright State University, Dayton.

He is a member of the Dayton Area Liberian Association and is on the Board of the Dayton Ballet Association and the Reynolds Foundation. He is a past member of the Dayton Sister City Association, past chairman of the Monrovia-Dayton Committee of the Sister City Association and past chairman of the elders of Clearcreek Chapel. Gillis’ professional affiliations include AICPA, OSCPA and the Strategic Leadership Forum.

West has served as an Encompix board member since 1999. The company name, Encompix, reflects the commitment to developing business application solutions which encompass the complex areas of project-based and job-based manufacturing. Encompix provides ETO manufacturers with a competitive advantage by improving bottom line results.

According to Thomas R. Cutler, spokesperson for the ETO Institute (www.etoinstitute.org), “Encompix continues to capture significant marketshare in the ETO environment because few other ERP vendors truly understand the nuances and significant distinctions of the ETO process versus the repetitive manufacturing process. Encompix now has more than 200 of the leading ETO manufacturing firms in North America using their ERP Software solution.”

Encompix www.encompix.com Roger Meloy 513-733-0066

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There appears to be a way to control the safety of an entire convoy of logistical vehicles on a long highway, with no close air support and completely removed from satellite communication or AWACS Surveillance. Let me explain this concept. First picture a pentagon horizontal shaped tube, which extends along a highway, which starts at the ground. The supply road of travel would be in the middle of the tube. Now then, a vehicle in the back would have a laser system, which would be facing forward in a slightly increasing perspective angle to encompass several hundred yards as it approached the first third of the front of the convoy.

The vehicles would travel within the pentagon shaped tube encased in non-penetrable set of waves while under complete control from the last and first vehicle. Inside this tube on the highway vehicles would travel autonomously using networked sensors.

http://worldthinktank.net/wttbbs/index.php?showtopic=87

The vehicle in the back would have a high-energy antenna facing forward, which would send out the waves by laser-sound, electro-magnetic combination. This would create forward facing walls paralleling the direction of the convoy. Through out the convoy would be devices mounted on vehicles every 20 vehicles, which send up waves, which would bounce off the impenetrable walls at all angles within the artificial parameter of the tube.

A concept not so distant from the idea of a layered ionosphere able to bounce multiple different frequencies for nearly unlimited world wide communication without satellites. For more information the HAARP Project has some excellent white papers on this.

This encased wave induced tube would provide a safety net to protect our convoy, which would identify anything, which came close to the convoy, such as heat signatures of combatants, laser ground sensors, land mines or enemy military hardware. (Incidentally we have drawings and the math if you have military clearances and the cash).

Now then since the artificial tube has much power and a specific band which blocks the other sensing waves from penetrating they bounce off the inner artificial tube walls and hit the ground and bounce back on the walls and are picked up again by the sending device every 20 vehicles or so, which are also all networked together within the tube. These sensing devices are continuously mapping as you go and sensing anything that might be a threat, while the convoy quietly moves on down the road.

The tube would also keep electronic surveillance out like a shell. Such tube could also be displayed with no convoys as to fool the enemy into thinking that there might be a convoy where one did not exist at all as a diversionary tactic. The enemy would be able to see the disruptive wave along the highway, but no way to penetrate it to determine what was actually in the tube coming in. It could prevent some night vision equipment, radar, etc from penetrating. The more power in the wave the more it could keep out. Due to the fact the tube would be a combination of waves it could also cause pre-detonation of ordinance passing thru it, by use of acoustic beams, thus keep the convoy safe and add another dimension of defense.

The last vehicle would also project back wards with passive radar for enemy aircraft and to the satellite or other device if available or desired.

“Lance Winslow” – Online Think Tank forum board. If you have innovative thoughts and unique perspectives, come think with Lance; www.WorldThinkTank.net/wttbbs/

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What are the odds?

Terry Dashner………………Faith Fellowship Church PO Box 1586 Broken Arrow, OK 74013

Chet Raymo, an astronomer and science writer who has calculated the odds of our universe resulting, as he believes it did, from sheer chance:

“If, one second after the Big Bang, the ratio of the density of the universe to its expansion rate had differed from its assumed value by only one part in 1000000000000000 (no my “0″ key isn’t stuck. That’s 10 to the 15th power.), the universe would have either quickly collapsed upon itself or ballooned so rapidly that stars and galaxies could not have condensed from the primal matter… The coin was flipped into the air 10 to the 15th power times, and came down on its edge but once. If all the grains of sand on all the beaches of the Earth were possible universesthat is, universes consistent with laws of physics as we know themand only one of those grains of sand were a universe that allowed for the existence of intelligent life, then that one grain of sand is the universe we inhabit.

The author who quoted Mr. Raymo’s statement says that he was asked to produce the quote one time by a personal friend to Mr. Raymo. States Yancey, in his book entitled Soul Survivor, “One of the physicists asked to see the quote by Raymo, whom he knew as a personal friend. He pondered a moment, thinking out loud, ‘Ten to the fifteenth power, ten to the fifteenth… let’s see there are [10 to the 22 power] stars in the universeyeah, I can buy that. I’ll take those odds.’”

Speaking of odds, what are the odds that the earth should be tilted on its axis 23-and-a-half degrees? To vary either way to the slightest degree would mean death to life we know. What are the odds that the Earth, and it alone in its galaxy, should be the only planet with an atmosphere and environment capable of sustaining life as we know it? What are the odds that we were created by a loving God instead of a tyrantnot to mention that He is a God who is rational, comprehensible, and His creation is subject to verification? What are the odds that you and I were created for this time, in our fields of study, in our native countries, in our specific families, in our various colors, in our various cultures, with our various languages?

You may play the odds if you desire, but I think I’ll just thank God. I think I’ll thank Him for His beautiful and purposeful creation. I think I’ll just praise Him that He gave me life and purpose for living. What purpose is that you ask? It is this: I am created for His glory. He is expending His magnificent glory throughout the universe, and He allows you and me to be one of His many vessels, chosen to complete His purpose on Earth.

The Bible says that we are gloriously and wonderfully made. Since God is a rational Creator and allows Himself to be comprehended (somewhat) by His creation, He has given us a written record of His plan. The written record is His Word, the Holy Bible. The plan is a redemptive plan. He sent His only begotten Son to this world (not Mars, not the moon, not…) to free us from our depraved nature, subject to sin. In Christ His people are given higher life, eternal life. With eternal life, we are to reflect His life to others. How do we reflect His life? We live in the power of the Holy Spirit everyday. We surrender to the Spirit’s leadership and direction, and walk like Jesus walked.

How did Jesus walk? Slowly, deliberately, and genuinely, stopping at times to touch the sick, the outcast, the wounded, and the lowly who were unable to help themselves. He spoke only what the Father in Heaven spoke. He conducted His activities under the watchful eye of the Father. He loved. He came. He suffered and died. He was buried and arose from the dead on the third day, according to the written record. You keep the odds. I’m basking in God’s goodness.
Keep the faith. Stay the course. Jesus is coming again. Pastor T.dash…Blessed!

About the Author

Pastors a small church in Oklahoma. US Navy veteran. Retired police officer. Votes.

Dennis Gorelik, a Senior Developer at IBM and creator of the PCnous artificial intelligence system, identifies a weakness of an AIS (artificial intelligence society, consisting of computers trained to ‘think’), in that it was not born through natural selection, as human beings are. However, one could view whether this is a disadvantage or an advantage from a couple of sides. Within human natural selection, there are biases based on upbringing, genetic factors, and how ultimately one responds to social events. For example, if one came from a violent past/childhood and ended up being a psychopath, this could override any INTELLECTUAL, socially beneficial learning that this person had received. Meaning, their naturally selective birth and upbringing could affect them in their decisions, based not on logic, but by their own emotional biases.

With AI, this factor is, at least on paper, removed on a world-based scale, with the Machine being the sum of all parts, from all people connected to it. In WIRED magazine’s new issue, for example, writer Kevin Kelly describes the internet’s home for AI as being a breeding ground for a single consciousness by billions of people and situations. So, while in a individually controlled AI environment, the AIS might by function – or by purposeful ‘programming’ – take on the biases of an INDIVIDUAL user, within the framework of mass contributions, it becomes a gigantic collector of information. I imagine that the ideal, if AIS is to work for human advantage, is that the emotional side of the Machine would at best take on so-called ‘normal’ emotional states of the people and systems it serves. People on a whole do not wish to be abused or stolen from or killed en masse, or to perform these actions.

In short, natural selection is a hit-or-miss thing on purely intellectual and emotional basises. “Love is blind,” “there’s no accounting for SOME people,” “There’s a sucker born every minute,” etc. With the large amount of data an AIS civilization would collect, there would in theory be a checks-and-balances library for more and more questionable, dubious, socially detrimental things, regardless of the user. It would become a servant to the population – not to any one particular group, person or thing.

I like to think of the example of open source software development, or mainstream sites like Wikipedia that allow the people at large to update information at will, and seed out vandals. Humans are fallible in emotional/logical ways that a Machine would not be. At the same time, the AIS is fallible by the simple inadequacy of it FULLY capturing the entire range of every mental/emotional/psychological impact of natural occurrences – from a mad girlfriend, to the effects of a tsunami, to why your college roomie likes to play the Black Dragon calypso album five times a day. The Machine, for all its exposure to the world, cannot know what people think – only what we do. So, tweaks in its activity can be monitored and adjusted by a world at large – much better than trusting the maintenance to a possibly megalomaniacal techno-whiz who might want to take out the planet because he hated his daddy.

A possible serious weakness to AIS is its adaptation to a world which becomes more and more dependent on its use, from medical use to financial markets to solace for lonely, desperate people. In the Great Depression, people so dependent on the old stock exchange during the crash literally killed themselves. When the World Trade Centres were smashed down, the stock exchange similarly was affected.

We all know what possible consequences are if a massive blackout nullified even the back-up systems of hospitals, heat and light, even food and water production. And many people now live out their social lives via the Internet (see the perp who almost succeeded in a mass suicide with lonely female members of his chat group.) In the event of a cataclysmic system crash for a fully-integrated, fully-indispensable worldwide AIS, it could become instant bedlam. So, the social importance of an AIS in that scenario would have to be very closely monitored by thinking, reactive humans after all. We will still have to use our good ol’ noggins, because you can’t eat or drink silicone chips, and what good is a mechanical AI heart in your chest if it stops working?

One more point about the implications of a fully-functional AIS, and this stretches to religion and spirituality. All of the world’s religious texts were written by the hands of men. Whether the belief in God came through divine revelation (as the religious/spiritualists like me believe), or simply through man’s childlike imagination (as the atheists attest) is a history-long argument between these two groups.

From a philosophical point of view, however, the question takes on a different route. If man indeed invented God, the argument could go, the issue might be how technology affects views of what God is. The point might be made by the philosophers that God was written into the books by human beings, mainly to attempt to understand the meaning of life, of who we are as a species, and to help us just get by life. If systems of thought and technology can be upgraded to higher levels of understanding, why couldn’t there also be a God v.2.0? After all, they may argue, the old model was a Lord who we couldn’t see or touch – it’s a major leap of faith to know that God exists. The old text was written in parchment and dictated morality — today’s dominant medium is multi-bit, encrypted and often imposes morality in internet law, chat room behavior and advice columns on how to be a better spouse or member of a community.

The internet was created by us by through a vision of connecting humans to the universe. So, many people who sit on their butts for hours a day making sure their social and financial prayers are answered, may choose to be on their knees to what they consider an alive-acting, omnipresent, all-knowing, all-seeing, instantly accessible Diety – an AIS-powered internet God for a new millennium. What effect this possible stream of thought will have on our flesh-and-blood world, so connected to a universe-wide savior to so many, remains to be seen.

About the Author

Noel A. Pierre is a web publisher, marketer and a musician. He is an alumnus of Carleton University and Algonquin College in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, and resides in Toronto.

www.hifispy.com is a hi-tech-focused site on world affairs, security-surveillance, e-business, entertainment, games, gadgetry and artificial intelligence.

Contact him at chatbot@hifispy.com.

Each Sun sign in astrology, also has its shadow side, which is why the very first thing I do when I fall in love is grab that persons birthdate! I want to know how that person is going to treat me once the first bloom of love has worn off the rose. Most of us are familiar with the positive personality characteristics of each sign, i.e- for example Leos are warm, funny, affectionate, Geminis are ambitious, witty, charming and smart, but few of us are aware of each signs shadow side. Only here in the psychic realm, will you learn the honest truth about your beloveds personality and what is the ABSOLUTE WORST that can happen … so watch out because …
An ARROGANT ARIES will tell you how much he loves you, but in the same breath, that you must be eliminated becuse you are getting in the way of his plans for total world domination. He will also leave his dirty socks around and burn the toast.
A TOTALITARIAN TAURUS will boast and brag and bully you into submission, but just one little words of sarcasm from you and you will find him balled up in the fetal position crying in the closet. Also a Taurus can’t have sex without picking a fight first.
A JABBERING GEMINI will steal your money from you and then help you look for it. Also he’ll make up wild stories about your alleged bisexuality and tell them to his friends. A master of miscommunication, he’ll keep you home alone, by the telephone, waiting fo his call.
A CALLOUS CANCER will give you a gift and then make you pay for it, not with money, but with sexual favours, emotional blackmail and pieces of your very soul. An expert hostage taker, a Cancer uses self-pity and sarcasm to torture his victims and rap them in a prison of low-self-esttem.
A LAZY LEO will do everything to woo you … date you, charm you, move in with you, impregnate you and spend Christmas dinner with your family, yet, while filling out a job application, still check the box that says his status is “single”.
A VENGEFUL VIRGO will turn up his nose at your taste and then slowly begin to mold you into his vision of the perfect woman. You can never please him, but if you try to leave, he will stalk you for the rest of your life to try and get you back.
A LASCIVIOUS LIBRA is the first to tell you “I love you but Im not in love you.” He might as well pee on your leg and then tell you it’s raining… soon you get the sense he/she are keeping their options open in case someone better comes along …
A SCHEMING SCORPIO is voted most likely to try and convince you to have sex without a condom. Later on in the relationship, he will also try to convince you that having three way sex with a hired prostitute is the only way to save your relationship.
A SILLY SAGGITARIUS will chase you and woo you until he has pierced you with his arrow of love. You’ll soon realize your just another pelt on this hunter’s belt after he tells you all about his plans for his next romantic conquest, shortly after having sex with you.
A CAPITALISTIC CAPRICORN will coldly pretend he is in love with you, as long as you are useful to him in terms of social or business connections. This social climber, doesn’t want a girlfriend, he wants a pretty parrot with no mind of her own who faithfully repeats what he says …
AN ASSININE AQUARIUS will go on for hours and hours about your deep connection as soulmates then forget your birthday. Easily distracted by pretty colours and shiny things, this flighty male is easily led astray by other women.
A PIOUS PISCES can only be described as “Christ without, Satan within.” This long suffering martyr has a Ph.d in co-dependency and knows how to reel women in with shiny promises. However once you take the bait, you are trapped forever in the belly of the beast.

About the Author

Sam Steven’s metaphysical articles have been published in many high-standing newspapers and she has published several books. You can meet Sam Stevens at http://www.psychicrealm.com where she works as a professional psychic. You can also read more of her articles at http://www.newagenotebook.com where she is the staff writer. Currently she is studying technology’s impact on the metaphysics.

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The translation says: Woont u in Valkenswaard of Zeewolde en wilt u vaker prijzen winnen’ Winnen met Win de Prijsvraag is nog nooit zo eenvoudig geweest. Fijne prijzen winnen met abonnementen van windeprijsvraag.nl‘ Meer dan 264 prijzen per dag. Van Beek tot Brunssum, met Win de Prijsvraag winnen gaat hier altijd. Een man van 35 heeft afgelopen week nog een Ipod weten te winnen.

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With the extent of growth going on in television equipment at present it pays to comprehend some of the critical developments. This guide to liquid crystal display tellies (LCD) concentrates on the particular pros of the equipment. This info delivers you all facts on how to get the greatest picture and provides an explanation on numerous of the vital traits to remember when it comes to LCD televisions.

There are really only two main advantages with LCD tellies over Plasma televisions. The 1st is that LCD TVs can well be by far much easier to view when contrasted to a cathode ray tube (CRT) television. This is generally because screens are by far brighter with a higher contrast level & flicker free image. Liquid Crystal Display televisions normally work good in more or less any type of condition from bright to ambient. Secondly, Liquid Crystal Display television on the whole have a higher native resolution than plasma TVs of the equivalent size hence making them perfect for high-def output. Even if plasma TVs are currently superior for sheer screen size, as more and more television programs come in hi-def TV (HDTV), Liquid Crystal Display manufactured goods will for sure come to the forefront. Catch Sound and Vision’s reductions on Cheap 37″ LCD TV!

How LCD TVs In Reality Work?

LCD products are reasonably complex & are evolving each day. This technology is founded upon the fact that liquid crystals are, in their traditional condition, twisted. The ability of the crystals to let light through can be changed by submitting electric voltage. Very simply put, a light source is shone through a liquid containing crystals held amid 2 polarised displays. By permitting the precise degree of light to pass through, the needed picture is constructed.